Citing references

Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143 , 92 S.Ct. 1921 , 32 L.Ed.2d 612 (1972); People v. Tooks, 403 Mich. 568 , 271 N.W.2d 503 (1978). We find the State did meet its burden and the district court was incorrect in upholding the defendant’s motion to suppress.

Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143, 145-46 , 92 S.Ct. 1921, 1923 , 32 L.Ed.2d 612, 616-17 (1972) (citations omitted). To justify an investigatory stop, the officer must have reasonable cause to believe a crime may have occurred. See State v.

In Adams v.

Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143, 145 , 92 S.Ct. 1921, 1923 , 32 L.Ed.2d 612, 616-17 (1972). One of the most common situations in which investigatory stops occur is direct police observation of suspicious conduct. LaFave § 9.4(f), at 176.

Id. at 878 , 107 S.Ct. at 3171 , 97 L.Ed.2d at 720 ; see also Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143, 147 , 92 S.Ct. 1921, 1924 , 32 L.Ed.2d 612, 617 (1972) (noting an unverified tip would usually not support probable cause for a search or arrest).

Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143, 145 , 92 S.Ct. 1921, 1923 , 32 L.Ed.2d 612, 616 (1972). Thus, the inherent danger surrounding an investigatory stop may justify more intrusive methods of detaining an individual. See Washington v.

Williams, 407 U.S. 143 , 92 S.Ct. 1921 , 32 L.Ed.2d 612 (1972) ] — that the defendant was carrying narcotics and a gun — here a total stranger could have observed defendant’s driving abilities.

Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143, 145 , 92 S.Ct. 1921, 1923 , 32 L.Ed.2d 612, 616 (1972).

Illustratively, the Court stated in Adams v.

The danger of such improper police conduct was recognized and decried in Justice Brennan’s dissent in Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143 , 92 S.Ct. 1921 , 32 L.Ed.2d 612, 620-621 (1972).

Ohio, 392 U.S. at 22 , 88 S.Ct. at 1880 , 20 L.Ed.2d at 906-07 ; Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143, 145-46 , 92 S.Ct. 1921, 1923 , 32 L.Ed.2d 612, 616-17 (1972); State v. Reese, 259 N.W.2d 793, 795 (Iowa 1977).

Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143, 145 , 92 S.Ct. 1921, 1923 , 32 L.Ed.2d 612, 616 (1972). In the instant case the officers did not act inappropriately in stopping defendant and Welles.

Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143, 145 , 92 S.Ct. 1921, 1923 , 32 L.Ed.2d 612, 616 (1972). Id. at 577. Here the officer merely wanted to ask the defendant some questions about the car theft.

Adams v. Williams, [ 407 U.S. 143 , 92 S.Ct. 1921 , 32 L.Ed.2d 612 (1972) ] demonstrates as much.

These cases are consistent with the approach of the United States Supreme Court in Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143 , 144–45, 149, 92 S.

J.L., 529 U.S. 266, 270 (2000); Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143 , 146–47 (1972) (tip provided by known informant considered stronger than tip from anonymous individual).

Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143, 145-46 (1972) (citations omitted).

(citing Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143, 147 (1972)).

June 30, 2010) (noting the purpose for allowing a search is to “allow the 15 officer to pursue his investigation without fear of violence” (quoting Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143, 146 (1972))).

Adams, 436 F.2d 30 , 35–39 (2d Cir. 1970) (Friendly, J., dissenting), rev’d en banc, 441 F.2d 394 (2d 1971), rev’d, 407 U.S. 143 (1972). 200Id. at 39. 201Commonwealth v. Buchert, 68 A.3d 911 , 916–17 (Pa. Super. Ct. 2013). 202State v.

Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143 , 146–47 (1972); see also State v. Campbell, No. 13-0558, 2014 WL 1494906 , at *2 (Iowa Ct. App. Apr. 16, 2014).

See Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143 , 147–48 (1972) (finding that suspicious behavior paired with a high crime area contributed to the officer’s fear for his safety); see also Illinois v.

Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143, 147 (1972). Even an anonymous tip, under the appropriate circumstances, can demonstrate sufficient indicia of reliability to provide reasonable suspicion. Navarette v. California, 572 U.S. 393, 397 (2014).