Citing references

Brown, 64 A.3d 1101 (Pa.Super. 2013), standing in the context of the Fourth Amendment search and seizure jurisprudence allows a defendant to assert the existence of a constitutional violation and to seek suppression of any evidence discovered as the result

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1105 (Pa. Super. 2013) (internal citations and emphasis omitted).

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1104 (Pa. Super. 2013) (quotation marks and citation omitted). We may only consider evidence presented at the suppression hearing. Commonwealth v. Davis, 102 A.3d 996, 999 (Pa. Super. 2014).

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1104 (Pa. Super. 2013). We may only consider evidence presented at the suppression hearing. Commonwealth v. Davis, 102 A.3d 996, 999 (Pa. Super. 2014).

Peterson, 636 A.2d 615, 618 (Pa. 1993); Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101 (Pa.Super. 2013); Commonwealth v. Caban, 60 A.3d 120 (Pa.Super. 2012); Commonwealth v. Maldonado, 14 A.3d 907 (Pa.Super. 2011); Commonwealth v.

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1104 (Pa.Super.2013).

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1104 (Pa.Super.2013).

. 64 A.3d 1101, 1107 (Pa.Super.2013).

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1105 (Pa.Super. 2013) (emphasis omitted). If, however, “the violation is such that it requires no additional investigation, the officer must have probable cause to initiate the stop.” Id. (emphasis omitted).

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1105 (Pa. Super. 2013), appeal denied, 79 A.3d 1096 (Pa. 2013). Instantly, the officer who initiated the traffic stop was the only witness to testify at the suppression hearing.

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1104 (Pa. Super. 2013) (citation omitted). We may reverse only if the legal conclusions drawn from the facts are in error. Id. (citation omitted).

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1105 (Pa. Super. 2013) (citing 75 Pa.C.S. § 6308(b)).

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1105 (Pa. Super. 2013) (citing Commonwealth v. Feczko, 10 A.3d 1285, 1291 (Pa. Super. 2010)) (emphasis in original). See also Commonwealth v. Chase, 960 A.2d 108, 115 (Pa. 2008).

Hawkins, 718 A.2d at 267-70 ; Perel, 107 A.3d at 188 ; Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1107 (Pa.

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1105 (Pa. Super. 2013). “However, if the violation is such that it requires no additional -5- J-A07041-25 investigation, the officer must have probable cause to initiate the stop.” Id. (citing Commonwealth v.

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1105 (Pa.Super. 2013) (quoting Commonwealth v. Chase, 599 Pa. 80 , 960 A.2d 108, 115 (2008)) (bold in original).

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1104 (Pa.Super. 2013) (quoting Commonwealth v. Cauley, 10 A.3d 321, 325 (Pa.Super. 2010)). We may only consider evidence presented at the suppression hearing. In re L.J., 79 A.3d 1073, 1085-87 (Pa. 2013).

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1104 (Pa.Super. 2013) (quoting Commonwealth v. Cauley, 10 A.3d 321, 325 (Pa.Super. 2010)). We may only consider evidence presented at the suppression hearing.

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1104 (Pa. Super. 2013) (quoting Commonwealth v. Cauley, 10 A.3d 321, 325 (Pa. Super. 2010)). We may only consider evidence presented at the suppression hearing. In re L.J., 622 Pa. 126 , 79 A.3d 1073, 1085-87 (2013).

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1105 (Pa. Super. 2013) (citing Commonwealth v. Feczko, 10 A.3d 1285, 1291 (Pa. Super. 2010)).

In support of our holding, we note the recent case of Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101 (Pa.Super. 2013).

-4- J-A29034-14 Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1105 (Pa. Super. 2013) (citations omitted; emphasis in original).

Illinois, 439 U.S. 128, 148-49 (1978) (passengers in car had no legitimate expectation of privacy in glove box or in area under passenger seat); Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1107 (Pa.

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1105 , (Pa. Super. 2013) (citation omitted).

Commonwealth v. Brown, 64 A.3d 1101, 1105 (Pa. Super. 2013), appeal denied, 79 A.3d 1096 (Pa. 2013).