Citing references

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188 (5th Cir. 1993), is misplaced. The facts in Bounds are nearly identical to the facts in this case, except that Bounds was arraigned on the dismissed counts before trial. Id. at 191 .

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188 (5th Cir.)

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194-95 (5th Cir.1993), which held that a sentence must reflect the illegal drug carrying the lowest offense level if a general verdict leaves unclear the illegal drug to which the jury has tied the defendant.

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194-95 (5th Cir.1993), has held that although the quantity of controlled substances does not constitute an element of the crime and is to be determined by the court at sentencing, the identity of the controlled substance is an element of

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 114 S.Ct. 135 , 126 L.Ed.2d 98 (1993), have been faced with a slightly different situation, in which the indictment was phrased in the conjunctive, yet a subsequent instruction presented to the jury

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 191 (5th Cir. 1993) (“[C]ases do suggest that the government ordinarily should reindict or move to reinstate the dismissed charges.

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194-95 (5th Cir. 1993), has held that although the quantity of controlled substances does not constitute an element of the crime and is to be determined by the court at sentencing, the identity of the controlled substance is an element

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194-95 (5th Cir.1993); United States v. Pace, 981 F.2d 1123, 1128-30 (10th Cir. 1992); United States v.

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194 (5th Cir.1993); United States v. Tisdale, 952 F.2d 934, 940 (6th Cir.1992); United States v. Johnson, 935 F.2d 47, 50 (4th Cir.1991); United States v. Jackson, 886 F.2d 838, 844-45 (7th Cir.1989)).

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194-95 (5th Cir.1993); United States v. Garcia, 37 F.3d 1359, 1369-71 (9th Cir.1994). United States v. Edwards, 105 F.3d 1179, 1180 (7th Cir.1997), aff'd, — U.S.-, 118 S.Ct. 1475 , 140 L.Ed.2d 703 (1998).

.-, 112 S.Ct. 466 , 116 L.Ed.2d 371 (1991). 3 . 985 F.2d 188 (5th Cir.), cert. denied , — U.S. -, 114 S.Ct. 135 , 126 L.Ed.2d 99 (1993). 4 . 966 F.2d 936 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 113 S.Ct. 481 , 121 L.Ed.2d 386 (1992). 5 .

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194-95 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 114 S.Ct. 135 , 126 L.Ed.2d 99 (1993); United States v.

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194-95 (5th Cir. *433 1993); United. States v. Owens, 904 F.2d 411, 414-15 (8th Cir. 1990); Newman v. United States, 817 F.2d 635, 637 (10th Cir. 1987).

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 193 (5th Cir.1993) (applying plain error standard to allegation of Confrontation Clause violation not asserted at trial).

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194-95 (5th Cir.1993); United States v. Garcia, 37 F.3d 1359, 1369-71 (9th Cir.1994). Newman held that the shortcoming it identified is “plain error.” 817 F.2d at 637 n. 3; see also United States v.

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 193-94 (5th Cir.1993); United States v. Kwong-Wah, 966 F.2d 682, 685 (D.C.Cir.1992) (citing other eases).

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 114 S.Ct. 135 , 126 L.Ed.2d 99 (1993); United States v. Tisdale, 952 F.2d 934, 940 (6th Cir.1992); United States v.

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194-95 (5th Cir.1993) (multiple drug conspiracy case); United States v. Owens, 904 F.2d 411, 414-15 (8th Cir.1990) (same); Newman v.

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188 (5th Cir. 1993), requires that when a jury verdict for conspiracy is ambiguous, the defendant must be sentenced based on the drug which produces the lowest guidelines offense level.

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194-95 (5th Cir.1993); United States v. Pace, 981 F.2d 1123 (10th Cir.1992); United States v. Owens, 904 F.2d 411 (8th Cir.1990)). 23 . Booker, 375 F.3d at 513 , 2004 WL 1535858 at *5 24 .

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 191-92 (5th Cir.1993) (government's failure to either reindict defendant or move for reinstatement of dismissed charges after judgment dismissing two of four counts pursuant to plea bargain was reversed on appeal was harmless error where defendant

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188 , 192 n. 2 (5th Cir.1993); United States v. A & *692 S Council Oil Co., 947 F.2d 1128 (4th Cir. 1991); United States v. Lynn, 856 F.2d 430 (1st Cir.1988); United States v. Bowen, 857 F.2d 1337 (9th Cir.1988); United States v.

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 195 (5th Cir.1993); United States v. Pace, 981 F.2d 1123, 1129-30 (10th Cir.1992); United States v. Owens, 904 F.2d 411, 414-15 (8th Cir.1990).

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194 (5th Cir.1993); United States v. Tisdale, 952 F.2d 934, 940 (6th Cir.1992); United States v. Johnson, 935 F.2d 47, 50 (4th Cir.1991); United States v. Jackson, 886 F.2d 838, 844-45 (7th Cir.1989)).

Bounds, 985 F.2d 188, 194-95 (C.A.5 1993); United States v. Pace, 981 F.2d 1123 (C.A.10 1992); United States v. Owens, 904 F.2d 411 (C.A.8 1990), we granted certiorari. Edwards, 523 U.S. at 513 , 118 S.Ct. 1475 (emphasis added).