To be sure, the McDeid II opinion is focused on respondents’ qualified-immunity defense, but the opinion discusses at length appellants’ clearly established rights and respondents’ corresponding obligations, without mentioning or

As the supreme court stated in McDeid II, the defense of qualified immunity is determined according to “an objective, two-prong test,” which is concerned with “(1) whether the plaintiff alleged facts showing the violation of ‘a federal

statutory or constitutional right,’ and (2) whether that right was ‘clearly established’ at the time of the alleged violation.” 984 N.W.2d at 872 (quoting District of Columbia v.

On those grounds, I would reject this argument outright. 12 In the context of qualified immunity, we have noted that a “right is clearly established when there is controlling authority or a robust consensus of cases of persuasive