Hawaii v. Gordon
Opinion
Per Curiam.
Section 5 (e) of the Hawaii Statehood Act, 73 Stat. 4 , 48 U. S. C. (Supp. II, 1960), pp. 1257-1261, provides that within five years from the date Hawaii is admitted to the Union federal agencies having control over land or properties retained by the United States under § 5 (c) and (d) of the Act shall report, to the President-as to the “continued need for such land or property, and if the President *58 determines that the land or property is no' longer needed by the United States it shall be conveyed to the State of Hawaii.” The President designated the Director of the Bureau of the Budget to perform his functions thereunder. The Director thereafter, pursuant to an opinion of the Attorney General, 42 Op. Atty. Gen. (No. 4), concluded, and so advised federal agencies, that the lands referred to in ■§ 5 (e) do not include lands obtained by the United States through purchase, condemnation or gift but are limited to lands which at one time belonged to Hawaii and were ceded to the United States or acquired in exchange therefor.
Hawaii filed this original action against the Director, under Art. Ill, § 2, of the Constitution of the United States, seeking to obtain ah order requiring him to withdraw this advice to the federal agencies, determine, whether a certain 203 acres of land in Hawaii acquired by the United States through condemnation was land or properties “needed by the United States” and, if not needed, to convey this land to- Hawaii. We have concluded that this is a suit against the United States and, absent its consent, cannot be maintained by the State. The general rule is that relief sought nominally against an officer is in fact against the sovereign if the decree would operate against the latter.
E. g., Dugan v. Rank, 372 U. S. 609 (1963); Malone v. Bowdoin, 369 U. S. 643 (1962);
Larson v. Domestic & Foreign Corp., 337 U. S. 682 (1949). Here the order requésted would require the Director’s official affirmative action, affect the public administration of government agencies and causé as well the disposition of property admittedly belonging to the United States. .The complaint' is therefore dismissed.
Oregon v. Hitchcock, 202 U. S. 60 (1906).
Dismissed.
Mb. Justice White, took no part in the consideration or-decision of this case.
How later courts describe this case
Explanatory parentheticals written by citing courts — 19 in all; the most informative distinct ones are shown.
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(holding suit against federal official to be suit against United States because “relief sought nominally against an officer is in fact against the sovereign [because] the decree would operate against the latter”)
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(lawsuit seeking to order the United States to convey land to the state of Hawaii)
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(sovereign immunity extends to agents and officers of the United States when the acts complained of were undertaken in their official capacities)
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(decree would intrude on sovereignty because it would require the disposition of property belonging to the United States)
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(where relief sought would require federal officer’s official action, affect public administration of government agencies and cause disposition of government property, suit was one against federal government)
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(suit against federal official was effectively against United States because prospective relief would, inter alia, “affect the public administration of government agencies” impacted by official’s action)
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("The general rule is that relief sought nominally against an officer is in fact against the sovereign if the decree would operate against the latter. E. g., Dugan v. Rank, 372 U.S. 609, 83 S.Ct. 999, 10 L.Ed.2d 15 (1963)
Cited by 257 cases
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- Federal District Courts171
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