United States v. Gomez-Vargas
UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Roberto GOMEZ-VARGAS, Defendant-Appellant
Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM: *
Roberto Gomez-Vargas is appealing his sentence imposed following his guilty plea conviction for attempted illegal reentry into the United States following deportation. Gomez Vargas was sentenced to 77 months’ imprisonment to be followed by a three-year term of supervised release.
Gomez-Vargas argues that the district court plainly erred in enhancing his offense level based on his prior conviction for a crime of violence. The Government argues that Gomez-Vargas may have waived his right to complain because he did not file any objections to the presentence report. The record does not reflect that Gomez-Vargas intentionally relinquished his right to object to the enhancement based on his prior conviction and, thus, he has not waived his right to plain error review. United States v. Musquiz, 45 F.3d 927, 931 (5th Cir.1995).
Gomez argues that his aggravated battery offense did not necessarily require proof of an element involving the intentional use or threatened use of physical force against a person and, thus, it is not a crime of violence within the meaning of U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2(b)(l)(A). The sixteen-level enhancement is to be made only if the prior *743 offense is a violation of a statute that requires as proof an element of “the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force against the person of another.” Calderon, 383 F.3d 254, 256 (5th Cir.2004). The Illinois aggravated battery statute provides for the commission of the offense in a number of different ways, some of which do not require the use of physical force against a person. See 720 ILCS 5/12-4 (a-d). The record contains no evidence of the factual basis supporting Gomez-Vargas’ conviction for aggravated battery. However, even if physical force was used against a person, the enhancement constituted plain error because the Illinois statute did not require the use of such force to be proved as an element of the offense. Calderon, 383 F.3d 254, 256 ; United States v. Gracia-Cantu, 302 F.3d 308, 313 (5th Cir.2002). The sentence imposed is VACATED and the case is REMANDED for resentencing in accord with this opinion.
Gomez-Vargas acknowledges that his argument that the felony and aggravated felony provisions of 8 U.S.C. § 1326 (b) are unconstitutional is foreclosed by prior precedent. See United States v. Hernandez-Avalos, 251 F.3d 505 , 507 & n. 1 (5th Cir.2001). Thus, his conviction is AFFIRMED.
Gomez argues that the judgment should be corrected under Fed.R.Crim.P. 36 because it reflects that he was convicted of reentry of a deported alien when he actually pleaded guilty to the attempted illegal reentry into the United States following deportation. The Government does not oppose this request. Gomez was charged with attempting to enter into the United States. Therefore, the district court is ORDERED to AMEND the judgment to reflect the actual offense of conviction.
CONVICTION AFFIRMED; SENTENCE VACATED AND CASE REMANDED FOR RESENTENCING AND AMENDMENT OF JUDGMENT.
Pursuant to 5th Cir. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5th Cir. R. 47.5.4.
Dissent
EMILIO M. GARZA, Circuit Judge,
dissenting in part:
For the reasons expressed in my dissents in Vargas-Duran, Sarmiento-Funes and Calderorir-Pena, I continue to believe that Vargas-Duran, Sarmiento-Funes and Calderorir-Pena were wrongly decided. See United States v. Vargas-Duran, 356 F.3d 598, 610-16 (5th Cir.2004) (Garza, J. dissenting); United States v. Calderon-Pena, 383 F.3d 254 (5th Cir.2004) (Garza, J. dissenting) United States v. Sarmiento-Funes, 374 F.3d 336, 346-47 (5th Cir.2004) (Garza, J. dissenting).
Combined text as published — syllabus, headnotes and all opinions in one document
United States Court of Appeals Fifth Circuit F I L E D IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT October 14, 2004 Charles R. Fulbruge III Clerk No. 03-40966 Summary Calendar
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff-Appellee,
versus
ROBERTO GOMEZ-VARGAS, Defendant-Appellant.
-------------------- Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas USDC No. L-03-CR-464-ALL --------------------
Before GARZA, DeMOSS, and CLEMENT, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:* Roberto Gomez-Vargas is appealing his sentence imposed
following his guilty plea conviction for attempted illegal
reentry into the United States following deportation. Gomez
Vargas was sentenced to 77 months’ imprisonment to be followed by
a three-year term of supervised release.
Gomez-Vargas argues that the district court plainly erred in
enhancing his offense level based on his prior conviction for a
crime of violence. The Government argues that Gomez-Vargas may * Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4. No. 03-40966 -2-
have waived his right to complain because he did not file any
objections to the presentence report. The record does not
reflect that Gomez-Vargas intentionally relinquished his right to
object to the enhancement based on his prior conviction and,
thus, he has not waived his right to plain error review. United
States v. Musquiz, 45 F.3d 927, 931 (5th Cir. 1995).
Gomez argues that his aggravated battery offense did not
necessarily require proof of an element involving the intentional
use or threatened use of physical force against a person and,
thus, it is not a crime of violence within the meaning of
U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2(b)(1)(A). The sixteen-level enhancement is to
be made only if the prior offense is a violation of a statute
that requires as proof an element of “the use, attempted use, or
threatened use of physical force against the person of another.”
Calderon, F.3d , No. 02-20331, 2004 WL 1888407 at *1 (5th
Cir. Aug. 24, 2004). The Illinois aggravated battery statute
provides for the commission of the offense in a number of
different ways, some of which do not require the use of physical
force against a person. See 720 ILCS 5/12-4 (a-d). The record
contains no evidence of the factual basis supporting Gomez-
Vargas’ conviction for aggravated battery. However, even if
physical force was used against a person, the enhancement
constituted plain error because the Illinois statute did not
require the use of such force to be proved as an element of the
offense. Calderon, 2004 WL 1888407 at *1 ; United States v. No. 03-40966 -3-
Gracia-Cantu, 302 F.3d 308, 313 (5th Cir. 2002). The sentence
imposed is VACATED and the case is REMANDED for resentencing in
accord with this opinion.
Gomez-Vargas acknowledges that his argument that the felony
and aggravated felony provisions of 8 U.S.C. § 1326 (b) are
unconstitutional is foreclosed by prior precedent. See United
States v. Hernandez-Avalos, 251 F.3d 505 , 507 & n.1 (5th Cir.
2001). Thus, his conviction is AFFIRMED.
Gomez argues that the judgment should be corrected under
FED. R. CRIM. P. 36 because it reflects that he was convicted of
reentry of a deported alien when he actually pleaded guilty to
the attempted illegal reentry into the United States following
deportation. The Government does not oppose this request. Gomez
was charged with attempting to enter into the United States.
Therefore, the district court is ORDERED to AMEND the judgment to
reflect the actual offense of conviction.
CONVICTION AFFIRMED; SENTENCE VACATED AND CASE REMANDED FOR
RESENTENCING AND AMENDMENT OF JUDGMENT. No. 03-40966 -4-
EMILIO M. GARZA, Circuit Judge, dissenting in part:
For the reasons expressed in my dissents in Vargas-Duran,
Sarmiento-Funes and Calderon-Pena, I continue to believe that
Vargas-Duran, Sarmiento-Funes and Calderon-Pena were wrongly
decided. See United States v. Vargas-Duran, 356 F.3d 598, 610-16
(5th Cir. 2004) (Garza, J. dissenting); United States v.
Calderon-Pena, ___ F.3d ___, No. 02-20331, 2004 WL 1888407 (5th
Cir. Aug. 24, 2004) (Garza, J. dissenting) United States v.
Sarmiento-Funes, 374 F.3d 336, 346-47 (5th Cir. 2004) (Garza, J.
dissenting).
How later courts describe this case
No later court has written an explanatory parenthetical about this case yet.
Cited by 5 cases
View all citing references →Relies on it most ⓘ
Citing references are not a citator: they show that a later opinion cites this case, not whether it followed, distinguished, or overruled it. Check negative history before relying on this case.