Fitts v. Panhandle & S. F. Ry. Co.

McCLENDON, J.

C. I. Pitts, the plaintiff, recovered judgment against the Panhandle & Santa Pé Railway Company, defendant, for the loss of his eye, alleged to have been caused by the actionable negligence of defendant. Among other defenses to the suit, defendant pleaded a release in full, the recited consideration whereof being: “An order on the treasurer of said company for $1, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged,” and “the promise of said company to employ me for one day as trucker at the usual rate of pay, the execution thereof being conclusive evidence that said company has made me such promise.” Plaintiff alleged the invalidity of said release upon several grounds, one of which was that it was without consideration. Upon the trial, plaintiff having testified that he never received the $1 recited in the release, the court declined to admit the release in evidence. The Court of Civil Appeals reversed and remanded the cause, holding this ruling to be erroneous. 18S S. W. 528. Writ of error was granted, by the Committee of Judges, in the view that 'the Court of Civil Appeals committed error in this holding.

The full review and discussion by the Court of Civil Appeals of the authorities upon the question at issue renders unnecessary any extended observations thereupon. The release in question is identical in its language with that in the case of Quebe v. Railway, 98 Tex. 6 , 81 S. W. 20 , 66 L. R. A. 734, 4 Ann. Cas. 545, except as to the subject-matter dealt with. The cases are practically on all fours in every particular, except that in the Quebe Case the $1 was paid, whereas in the case at bar it was not paid. In the Quebe Case the Supreme Court, speaking through Judge Williams, says:

“The consideration was a valuable and legal one, though small. . Considering the fact that the matter settled was regarded by both parties as involving no large amount, it cannot be said the smallness of the consideration, by itself, furnishes grounds for disregarding the release.”

The distinguishing element in the two cases is the failure in the instant case to pay the dollar. We have the views of the ¡Supreme Court upon the question thus presented, expressed in the following language:

“Since the recited consideration of $1 in the release in this case was not paid, it is our opinion that the release was wholly without consideration. It seems to us that a mere promise to re-employ for one day, paying for the work done for that one day no more than the ordinary or customary rate of wages, conferred, in practiced effect, no benefit upon the plaintiff, and the railway company thereby suffered no detriment, since inevitably it was to receive the day’s work for the re-employment.”

We conclude that the judgment of the Court of Civil Appeals should be reversed, and that of the district court affirmed.

PHILLIPS, C. J. We approve the judgment recommended in this ’case.