TaiLexi AI U.S. Case Law

United States v. MacKel Earl Evans, Kenneth Wayne Hinds

UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. MacKel Earl EVANS, Kenneth Wayne Hinds, Appellants

United States v. MacKel Earl Evans, Kenneth Wayne Hinds, 891 F.2d 686 (8th Cir. 1989)
Download
Format
Include

Star paging (*137) is kept for pin cites.

Court
Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit · U.S. Courts of Appeals
Decided
December 14, 1989
Docket
No. 89-1758
Judges
Fagg, Henley, Beam
Citations
891 F.2d 6861989 WL 1502251989 U.S. App. LEXIS 18900

Opinion — Fagg

FAGG, Circuit Judge.

Mackel Earl Evans and Kenneth Wayne Hinds appeal their sentences for manufacturing methamphetamine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841 (a)(1) (1982). Evans and Hinds contend the district court committed error in arriving at their base offense level by using an approximation of the amount of methamphetamine they were capable of producing with the chemicals seized from their drug laboratory.

See U.S.S.G. § 2D1.1(a)(3) (Oct.1987). We affirm.

Evans and Hinds argue the drug quantity relevant to their sentences for manufacturing is only the .0688 kilogram of methamphetamine they produced before their arrest. We disagree. The offense level for the manufacture of a controlled substance is determined by the quantity of the substance involved.

Id.

If the amount of drugs seized does not reflect the scale of the manufacturing offense, the sentencer must approximate the quantity of controlled substance that could have been produced by the laboratory involved in the offense.

Id.

§ 2D1.1 commentary, application note 11 (Jan.1988) (incorporating application note 2 of the commentary to section 2D1.4 (Oct.1988)). Thus, the guidelines did not limit the district court’s consideration to the .0688 kilogram of methamphetamine Evans and Hinds actually produced. We conclude the district court correctly considered evidence that Evans and Hinds were capable of producing approxi *688 mately 22.5 kilograms of methamphetamine with the seized chemicals in determining their offense level.

Evans and Hinds also contend they were denied due process because the district court based its approximation of their manufacturing capability on the estimate of a state chemist contained in the presentence report when the chemist himself did not testify at the sentencing hearing. This argument lacks merit. Uncorroborated hearsay evidence contained in a presentence report may be considered by the sentencer provided the persons sentenced are given an opportunity to explain or rebut the evidence.

United States v. York, 830 F.2d 885, 893 (8th Cir.1987) (per curiam), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1074 , 108 S.Ct. 1047 , 98 L.Ed.2d 1010 (1988). The sentencing transcript shows Evans and Hinds were given that opportunity and offered no disputing evidence. Further, the chemist’s estimate was corroborated by the testimony of an experienced drug enforcement agent. The chemist’s estimate was properly considered by the district court.

Having carefully considered Evans’s and Hinds’s arguments, we affirm their sentences.

How later courts describe this case

Explanatory parentheticals written by citing courts — 1 in all; the most informative distinct ones are shown.

Cited by 27 cases

View all citing references →
1990: 51991: 81992: 41993: 31994: 11995: 21996: 22001: 12003: 119902026peak 1991 · 8

Most recent

  1. Kenneth W. Hinds v. United States56 F. App'x 286 (8th Cir. 2003)
  2. United States v. Young, Jerome247 F.3d 1247 (D.C. Cir. 2001)
  3. United States v. Tyrone Lamont Smith v. Joseph Edwards Monroe86 F.3d 1154 (4th Cir. 1996)
  4. United States v. SmithNo. 95-5515 (4th Cir. June 4, 1996)
  5. United States v. Shonubi895 F. Supp. 460 (E.D.N.Y. 1995)
  6. MacKel Earl Evans v. United States46 F.3d 1135 (8th Cir. 1995)

Citing references are not a citator: they show that a later opinion cites this case, not whether it followed, distinguished, or overruled it. Check negative history before relying on this case.

Authorities cited 1

DepthCaseCited by
United States v. Perry York, United States of Am. v. Peter Andrew Robinson, 830 F.2d 885 (8th Cir. 1987) 106

Keyboard shortcuts

/Focus the search box
j kNext / previous result
EnterOpen the selected result
xAdd / remove the selected result from the download list
n pNext / previous search term in a case
cCopy the citation of the current case
+ −Larger / smaller reading text
?Show this list