Humbird Lumber Co. v. Morgan

Jurisdiction — Orders of Boards of Equalization. 1. An. appeal taken when not authorized by law confers no Jurisdiction on the court to which such appeal is taken, except to make its order and judgment dismissing such appeal. 2. There is no authority in this state for an appeal from an order of a board of equalization. Feltham v.' Board of County Commissioners, ante, p. 182, 77 Pac. 332, approved and followed. (Syllabus by the court.)

ORIGINAL application for a writ of mandate to the Honorable Ralph T. Morgan, Judge of the First Judicial District. It' will be seen from a statement of the facts and examination of the record that the district court undertook to sit and act as a court of review upon his own orders. It has no power nr authority to so do. Having considered and passed upon a motion to dismiss the appeal, that order and motion is final and cannot by subsequent order be set aside. And in fact there is no order of the court attempting to set aside the order upon the first motion to dismiss the appeal, and that order is in full force and effect yet, and is binding upon the lower court, and leaves the case and continues the ease before the lower court -to be tried upon its merits. There is no statutory provision or authority in law for the district court reviewing an order and decision theretofore made by it, and it can only so do, if at all, by motion for a new trial; and the Humbird Lumber Company contends that it could not do so by motion for new trial nor in any other method. (Coyle v. Seattle Electric Co., 31 Wash. 181, 71 Pac. 733; Burnham v. Spolcane etc. Co., 18 Wash. 207, 51 Pac. 363.) When a court refuses to try a ease upon the merits, and has jurisdiction so to do, mandamus to require the court to try the case or consummate the trial already had by making findings of fact and rendering judgment or decree is the proper remedy. (Hays v. Stewart, 7 Idaho, 193, 61 Pae. 591; State v. Eddy, 10 Mont. 311, 25 Pac. 1032; Temple v. Superior Court, 70 Cal. 211, 11 Pae. 699; State v. District Court, 13 Mont. 370, 34 Pac. 298; State v. Webb, 34 Kan. 710, 9 Pac. 770; State v. Hunter, 3 Wash. 92, 27 Pac. 1076; State v. Lichtenberg, 4 Wash. 653, 30 Pac. 1056; State v. Superior Court, 14 Wash. 687, 45 Pae. 670; State v. Mc-Clinion, 17 Wash. 45, 48 Pac. 740; People v. Van Tassel, 13 Utah, 9, 43 Pac. 625.) In the district court for Kootenai county, within the last two years, three decisions have been rendered holding that an appeal would lie in behalf of a taxpayer from an order made by the board of county commissioners, sitting as a board of equalization. The rule laid down in the case of Rupert v. Board of Commrs. of Alturas County, 2 Idaho (Hash.), 19, 2 Pac. 718, and Van Camp v. Board of Commrs. of Custer County, 2 Idaho (Hasb.), 29, 2 Pae. 721, were decided under old territorial statute, and the subsequent legislation hereinbefore referred to has, we respectfully submit, changed the law so as to authorize an appeal. An appeal may be taken from any order, decision or action of the board while acting in an official capacity, by any person aggrieved thereby, or by any taxpayer’ of the county when any demand is allowed against the county, or when he deems any order, decision or action of the board illegal or prejudicial to the public interests. That the board of county commissioners is not a court within the meaning of section 2, article 5 of the constitution. Hence it follows that under section 18 of article 1 this court must be open to an aggrieved party by way of an appeal or an independent action wherein and whereby a trial de novo can be had. And where there is a general statute on appeal, that remedy must be pursued rather than an independent or original proceeding. Section 12 of article 7 makes the board of county commissioners boards of equalization under such rules and regulations as shall be prescribed by law. And this ' being a part of the whole constitution must be construed in connection with section 2, article 5, and section 18, article 1, which constitute a rule or regulation of law; and the action of the board of county commissioners cannot, therefore, be final. It results that the constitution and general- statutes as to the duties and powers of the board of county commissioners and the provisions and portions of the revenue law relative to the same subject are in parí, materia, and must be construed together so as to give effect to the whole. (Sutherland on Statutory Construction, secs. 284, 285, 287; Black on Interpretation of Laws, pp. 204-260; Mills v. Scott, 99 IT. S. 28, 25 L. ed. 294; Pierce Co. ex rel. Malone v. Spike, 19 Wash. 652, 51 Pac. 41.) The present statute provides a time other than a regular meeting of the board for levying tases, and it surely will not be con-ténded that the members of the board are acting in any capacity other than as county commissioners. No appeal will lie from an order made by a board of equalization. (General Custer Min. Co. v. Van Camp, 2 Idaho, 44, 3 Pac. 22; Olympia Water Works v. Board of Equalization> 14 Wash. 268, 44 Pac. 267.) Any decision of the defendant must at least have been made in writing or entered in writing, and that not having been done, we have no other decision in the case than the judgment of dismissal, properly made and entered, and from which an appeal is allowed by law. In support of our contention that, to constitute an order or judgment, the same must have been in writing and made or entered in the minutes as such, we cite the following: Idaho Code Civ. Proe., see. 4880; People v. Lenon, 77 Cal. 308, 19 Pac. 521; Campbell v. Jones, 41 Cal. 515; Durant v. Comegys, 3 Idaho, 67, 26 Pac. 755; Clark v. Strouse, 11 Nev. 76. If the plaintiff was dissatisfied with the judgment of the court dismissing its appeal, it had a plain, speedy and adequate.remedy by appeal from such judgment of dismissal. Appeal,'and not man-damns, is the proper remedy to review a- judgment on a motion or plea to the jurisdiction of the court. (Ex parte Railroad -Oo.,103 IT. S. 794, 26 L. ed. 461; Ex parte Baltimore etc. R. -R. Co., 108 IJ. S. 566,-2 Sup. Ct. Eep. 876, 27 L. ed. 812; In re -Morrison, 147 IJ. S. 26, 13 Sup. Ct. Eep. 246, 67 L. ed. 65; People .v.- Garnett, 130 Ill. 340, 23 N. E. 331.) Mandamus' will not lie when there is a remedy by appeal; so held by this court in State v. Whelan, 6 Idaho, 78, 53 Pac. 2; State ex rel. Smith v. Commissioners etc., 19 WIs. 253; 13 Ency. of ■PI. & Pr., p. 530, and eases cited; Tibbetts v. Campbell (Cal.), 27 Pac. 531. The writ of mandate does not lié to review judicial action of an inferior tribunal where the party injured has a-remedy by appeal. (O’Brien v.' Tollman, 36 Mich. 13; Havens v. Stewart, 7 Idaho, 298, 62 Pac. 682.)