Talbot v. Wakeman

Where, on a trial at law, a fatal variance between the allegations and the proofs would appear by including in the action an independent party, where no proof was furnished of his interest in the suit, yet such an irregularity in pleading will not work a defeat of the action in admiralty; and the insertion of such party may be disregarded. And so where it is alleged that there is a want of proper parties, and the proof shows that such parties acted as agents or brokers, and had no interest in tho suit, although they were named in the charter party upon which the action was brought with the libelants, there is no substantial variance. Where the faulty and unsafe stowage of a cargo is made exclusively by the authority and direction of the master of the vessel, it-creates a liability upon the owner, which would not he the case if the evidence showed that the shipper knew and acquiesced in the stowage.

This was a libel filed by William C. Talbot and others, “ composing the firm of W. C. Talbot & Co., of San Francisco, and the Puget Mill Company, of Puget Sound,” against the defendants, as owners of brig Eolian, to recover damages by reason of an alleged violation of a charter for a voyage from San Francisco to Puget Sound, with a cargo of plank, square timber and spars; thence to China; and thence, with merchandize and passengers, back to San Francisco. The libel alleged that the libelants chartered the vessel for the voyage through brokers, named Lubeck & Co,, who had no interest in the charter; that by the charter it was agreed that the vessel should be tight, staunch, well fitted, &c., when she was in fact unseaworthy, and that by reason of that fact, and of the failure to stow the cargo properly, and of the throwing overboard of one part of the cargo, and the sale of another part, and other breaches of the charter party, the libelants were damaged to the amount of several thousand dollars. The answer alleged that the vessel was seaworthy, but “ in consequence of the perils of the sea and stress of weather a part of the cargo was thrown overboard, and another part sold from necessity, to make repairs, and enable the performance of the contract,” and claimed damages by reason of an alleged breach of the charter in China by the libelants, to an amount exceeding the libel-ants’ claim. The respondent claimed, on the hearing, that there was a fatal variance between the allegations and proofs; that the charter proved was one under seal, chartering the vessel to W. C. Talbot & Co., and Lubeck & Co., while Lubeck & Co. were not made parties, and the Puget Mill Company were made libelants. They further claimed that no damages could be claimed, by reason of lading spars on the deck of the vessel, as the nature of the articles necessarily imported that mode of carriage, and the libelants are therefore chargeable with the responsibility of it, as decided in Lawrence agt. Minturn (17 How., 100).