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Robinson's Estate

Robinson's Estate, 70 A. 966 (Pa. 1908)
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Court
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania · State Highest Courts
Decided
June 23, 1908
Docket
Nos. , No. 78
Judges
Brown, Elkin, Mestrezat, Mitchell, Potter
Citations
70 A. 966222 Pa. 1131908 Pa. LEXIS 663
Disposition
Affirmed.
Syllabus
Husband and wife — Marriage —Contracts ■— Antenuptial contract— Fraud. Antenuptial contracts are not inherently fraudulent nor is there any such presumption. They require good faith, but fraud is not presumed in them any more than in other cases. There must be some evidence of gross disproportion or other fact from which fraud may be inferred before the- onus changes. Evidence — Husband and wife — Witness—Competency of witness— Widow — Antenuptial contract. A wife after the death of her husband is incompetent to testify that in signing an antenuptial contract she supposed that she was signing another and a different contract which had been previously shown to her.
Summary
Appeal, No. 78, Jan. T., 1908, by Helen O. Robinson, from decree of O. O. Phila. Co., July T., 1906, No. 287, dismissing exceptions to adjudication in Estate of Joseph B. Robinson, deceased. Exceptions to adjudication. From the record it appeared that on October 2, 1902, Joseph B. Robinson was married to Helen M. Clawson. Prior to the marriage an antenuptial contract had been executed and acknowledged by the parties under which Mrs. Robinson was to receive $26,000 in consideration of her releasing all claims of dower and other rights in her husband’s estate. The sum of $25,000 was subsequently paid to her. There was evidence that the decedent had told his wife that he was worth $100,000, but as a matter of fact he was worth about $150,000. The auditing judge, Lamorelle, J., refused to consider the testimony of the widow, to the effect that she had signed the paper in question under the belief that it was another and a different contract previously read to her. The auditing judge refused the widow’s claim to participate in the estate. Exceptions to the adjudication were dismissed by the court. Error assigned was in dismissing exceptions to adjudication.

Syllabus and headnotes are prepared by the reporter or publisher, not the court, and are not part of the opinion.

Opinion of the Court — Mitchell

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Opinion by Mr. Chief Justice Mitchell,

Antenuptial contracts are not inherently fraudulent nor is there any such presumption. They require good faith, but fraud is not presumed in them any more than in other cases. There must be some evidence of gross disproportion or other fact from which fraud may be inferred before the onus changes. As said by the learned judge below: “ The sum given in the present case was an outright gift; the wife took no chance; she Avas provided for in any and every event; whether her husband died rich or poor, Avhether he or she survived, was to her, so far as her temporal wellfare was concerned, a matter of no moment. A woman about to be married might readily accept outright a sum equal to one-sixth of her husband’s estate, and at the same time be willing to accede to a proposition that she would relinquish at the time of his death that which the law would give her and which by right she should have and get.”

The widow was clearly not a competent witness. As said by the learned judge below: “The contract did not prove itself ; two ivitnesses were called who identified the signatures of Joseph B. Robinson and of Helen M. Clawson; without this identification, the contract was not in evidence; the widow was then called, and her testimony was in effect a contradiction of the testimony of the tivo preceding witnesses; true, she did not *116 deny her signature, but she did deny that in placing her signature to the paper in question, she intelligently signed the contract. In brief, her testimony was that Mr. Robinson had promised her the sum of $25,000 as a gift, telling her he was worth $100,000; had never explained to her that she was to renounce any legal rights as to dower, etc., and that the agreement he originally showed her was not as long as the one she was given to sign, in fact, was on one sheet of paper, and that, when she did sign, she did so upon the supposition that it was the previous contract rewritten, and not a new and a different one.” But even if she had been competent she was claiming against her husband’s estate in contradiction of her formal written agreement of which a duplicate had been in her possession for several years. The testimony was entirely inadequate for such purpose.

Judgment affirmed

How later courts describe this case

Explanatory parentheticals written by citing courts — 1 in all; the most informative distinct ones are shown.

Cited by 12 cases

View all citing references →
1917: 11928: 11934: 21936: 11938: 11953: 11954: 11961: 11968: 11990: 11993: 119172026peak 1934 · 2

Relies on it most ⓘ

  1. Kaufmann Estate171 A.2d 48 (Pa. 1961)
  2. Lock Estate244 A.2d 677 (Pa. 1968)
  3. Snyder Estate100 A.2d 67 (Pa. 1953)
  4. In re Estate of Hartman582 A.2d 648 (Pa. 1990)
  5. Goeckel's Estate198 A. 504 (Pa. Super. Ct. 1938)
  6. Cooper v. Oakes629 A.2d 944 (Pa. Super. Ct. 1993)

Most recent

  1. Cooper v. Oakes629 A.2d 944 (Pa. Super. Ct. 1993)
  2. In re Estate of Hartman582 A.2d 648 (Pa. 1990)
  3. Lock Estate244 A.2d 677 (Pa. 1968)
  4. Kaufmann Estate171 A.2d 48 (Pa. 1961)
  5. Barnhart v. Barnhart101 A.2d 904 (Pa. 1954)
  6. Snyder Estate100 A.2d 67 (Pa. 1953)

Citing references are not a citator: they show that a later opinion cites this case, not whether it followed, distinguished, or overruled it. Check negative history before relying on this case.

Authorities cited 0

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