Ziegler v. Long

The opinion of the Court was delivered by Sergeant, J.

The principle of equity is well settled, that where a party has two funds from which he can satisfy his debt, and another creditor has a lien posterior in point of time on one of the funds only, the first creditor will be compelled to resort to that fund which the junior creditor cannot touch, in order that the junior creditor may avail himself of his only security. 19 Johns. Rep. 486. And if Ziegler and J. Long, who are here the contending claimants, stood simply in this relation, the latter ought to be preferred as to the money in court. But this principle must be employed, like all other rules of equity, to the attainment of justice: it is not to be used to overthrow the equity of another person, and thus work injustice. Now if Ziegler paid the whole consideration money for the land which he bought of M. Long, (a fact concerning which I say nothing, because it has not yet been decided) it would be manifestly unjust to Ziegler that Hoffman’s debt should be paid out of that land, because this would oblige Ziegler to pay that amount a second *207 time. He stands before us in the light of a bona fide purchaser, and as such is entitled to protection. For knowing that the first judgment was a prior lien on all the lands of Martin Long, he had a right to conclude that Martin’s other lands would pay Hoffman’s judgment, and thus relieve his land from the existing lien. A prior purchaser of lands bound by judgment, is not bound, in any respect, to aid a subsequent purchaser from the debtor, in case the lands of the latter are sold to pay the judgment. The latter stands in the place of the debtor himself, who could not have contribution or re-, hef, but must pay his debts from his own property. Nailer v. Stanley, 10 Serg. Rawle 450. On the other hand, the prior purchaser is entitled to relief, if his land is first charged ; and if Ziegler really paid the whole consideration money, he could have gone into a • court of equity,,where such a court exists, and have compelled Hoffman to take his judgment out of the proceeds of sale of M. Long’s other lands, or, on paying the amount, to assign it to him, to enable him to substitute himself as judgment creditor, and levy from other lands the amount thus paid. In the present instance, Ziegler has done exactly this. He has paid Hoffman his judgment, and taken an assignment of it, thus effecting by voluntary arrangement what a court of equity would decree: and he has a right to call on the aid of the court for the rest, by ordering him the amount from the moneys paid into court. His equity, then, as a purchaser, is superior to that of J. Long as a creditor: and he has the prior lien at law by the assignment of Hoffman’s judgment.

Other grounds have been taken as objections to the claims of Ziegler. It is alleged, that Hoffman’s proceeding to a levy and condemnation and venditioni exponas of the land purchased by Ziegler, amounted to an election of that fund, which he or his assignee cannot relinquish. I will not say that a judgment creditor who has proceeded so far, can, at his will and pleasure, desert his process, and adopt a different course against his debtor. But when by other sales money is brought into court to which the plaintiff is entitled, by having the first lien and the prior equity (as it is assumed, at present, Ziegler is), he may waive that proceeding and receive the money.

It is objected, that there was laches in Hoffman in not applying for the money at an early day; and also in Ziegler, in not moving the court to set aside the levy on his land, and direct Hoffman’s execution to be levied on other land of M. Long. To this it is answered by the plaintiffs in error, and I think satisfactorily, that by a rule to show cause, (on whose behalf does n®t appear) Hoffman’s judgment and execution were suspended until February 1826, when the rule was discharged. The money was not paid into court till June 1826, and this issue was directed in May 1827. Whilst the validity of all the proceedings in Hoffman’s suit was thus in question, no steps could be taken by Hoffman as plaintiff, to procure his money,, or by Ziegler as purchaser, to transfer the levy.

*208 Authorities have been cited from 3 Rep. 11, Sir William Harbert’s case, and 2 Williams’s. Saund. 9, 10, to show, that the only remedy in the power of the defendant, where his land is unjustly levied on, is, by scire facias or audita querela, to have other lands of the debtor extended. But while Hoffman’s execution and levy stood suspended by the rule to show cause, it was not competent to Ziegler to do either.. Besides, though this is the proper remedy at law, yet if in equity Ziegler had a just claim, he is entitled to priority of payment. For our courts, acting as courts of equity, on a fund within their own control, award it to him who has the better right, by constant practice, and by the express words of the act of the 16th of April 1827, relative to the distribution of money arising from sheriffs’ and coroners’ sales. Hence these ancient proceedings spoken of in the English books are not resorted to in our practice. 1 Yeates 9 .

It is further said, that Ziegler, when he purchased of M. Long, undertook to pay this debt to Hoffman, or reserved a portion of the consideration money for that purpose—or if he did not, that it was his duty to do so, and having omitted this duty, another ought not to suffer by his neglect. This case will go back to another trial, and if upon that trial it can be made to appear that Ziegler thus undertook, or in any way agreed to pay Hoffman’s judgment, or reserved a portion of the consideration money with this design, he will not be entitled to the money in dispute—or, at least, he is precluded to the amount thus undertaken or reserved. Some evidence was given by the plaintiff with this view on the trial: of the weight to be given to it, it would be improper now to speak. If nothing of the kind took place, then Ziegler was not bound to reserve any portion of the consideration money. He had a right as purchaser of the land, which the assignment of the judgment to him in no manner devest-’ ed, to insist that M. Long’s-other lands should defray it, and the contest now is to enforce that right.

Judgment reversed, and venire facias de novo awarded.